Bluebook How to Cite a Law Review Article

"The cardinal function of a legal citation is to allow the reader to efficiently locate the cited source."The Bluebook: A Uniform Arrangement of Citation one (Columbia Constabulary Review Ass'due north et al. eds., 21st ed. 2020).

Citations in legal writing serve two purposes:

• Attribution - to place the source of ideas expressed in the text, and
• Back up - to direct the reader to specific authority supporting the proposition in the text

Avoid accidental plagiarism by citing a source for whatever idea that is not original.

There are many copies of the Bluebook on reserve. Enquire for one at the Circulation Desk. You can subscribe to the Bluebook online hither.

The white pages in the Bluebook address academic citation. This is citation for law reviews, journals, and other academic legal publications. These are the rules you will use for an bookish paper or police force review article.

The Bluepages section of the Bluebook addressesnot-bookish commendation. It is citation for practitioners and law clerks. Hither yous will notice guidance and examples of citation formats that yous will utilize when writing your memoranda, briefs, and other courtroom documents. This is the format for legal documents.

Page 7 has a helpful tabular array that sets out the differences betwixt the typeface used in non-academic and academic citation.

Front end inside embrace	Quick Reference Guide to Law Review Footnotes. These rules are for bookish legal commendation. You will use them for writing your upper level papers and police review notes and comments.
Table of Contents	Pages Ix - 16 Guide to the Bluepages rules and the academic (white pages) rules and tables.
TheBluepages	Includes introduction to basic legal commendation for practitioners and rules B1-B21. Also includes Blue Tables (BT) i-two.
Rules 1-9	General rules covering construction and apply of citations (rule 1); typefaces (rule 2); subdivisions (rule 3); brusque forms (dominion 4); quotations (dominion v); abbreviations, numerals, and symbols (dominion 6); italicization for style and in unique circumstances (rule 7); capitalization (rule 8); and titles of judges, officials, and terms of courtroom (dominion nine).
Rules x-19	Rules for citing specific sources, including cases (rule 10); constitutions (rule 11); statutes (rule 12); legislative materials (rule 13); administrative and executive materials (rule xiv); books, reports, and other nonperiodic materials (dominion 15); periodicals (dominion 16); unpublished and forthcoming sources (rule 17); the internet (dominion 18); and services (rule 19).
Rules twenty-21	Rules for citing foreign and international law.
Tables T1 - T16	Table T1 contains guidance on case constabulary and statutory citation by jurisdiction. Table T6 covers abbreviations for case names. Tabular array 10 covers abbreviations for geographical terms.
Index	Detailed guide to the Bluebook rules.
Dorsum within comprehend	Quick Reference Guide to Court Documents and Legal Memoranda.
Back cover	Contains outline of Bluebook contents.

Court	Unofficial reporters	Official reporter (reporter required by Bluebook table T1 is in blue)	Example (with pinpoint folio)	Brusque class case  (when you can't use id.)
U.S. Supreme Court	Westward'due south Supreme Court Reporter (S. Ct.) Lawyer's Edition (L. Ed.)	United States Reports (U.Due south.)	Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 442 (1966).	Miranda, 384 U.S. at new page.
U.S. Courts of Appeals		Federal Reporter (F., F.second, F.3d)	Envtl. Def. Fund five. EPA, 465 F.2nd 528, 529 (D.C. Cir. 1972).	Envtl. Def. Fund, 465 F.2nd at new page.
U.S. Commune Courts		Federal Supplement (F. Supp., F. Supp second, F. Supp. 3d)	Duren v. Bennett, 275 F. Supp. 2d 374, 377 (E.D.Due north.Y. 2003).	Duren, 275 F. Supp. 2nd at new page.

• Stride Law Library Guide to Case Citations

  Includes details on which court decisions are cited in each of the Due west regional reporters, federal reporters, and North.Y. state reporters.

Courtroom	Official reporter	Unofficial reporters (reporter required by Bluebook table T1 is in blue)	Example (with pinpoint folio)	Short form instance (when you can't use id.)
N.Y. Court of Appeals	New York Reports (Due north.Y., Due north.Y.second, Due north.Y.3d)	New York Supplement (N.Y.S., Due north.Y.S.second, N.Y.S.3d) North Eastern Reporter (N.Eastward., N.E.2d, N.E.3d)	People v. Rosario, 173 N.East.second 881, 885 (N.Y. 1961).	Rosario, 173 N.Eastward.2d at new page.
N.Y. Supreme Court, Appellate Sectionalisation	Appellate Division Reports (A.D., A.D.second, A.D.3d)	New York Supplement (North.Y.S., N.Y.S.2nd , N.Y.Southward.3d)	People v. Ray, 527 N.Y.South.2d 864, 865 (App. Div. 2d Dep't 1988).	Ray, 527 N.Y.S.2d at new folio.
North.Y. trial level courts*	Miscellaneous Reports (Misc., Misc. 2d, Misc. 3d)	New York Supplement (N.Y.S., Northward.Y.South.second, N.Y.S.3d)	People 5. Arthur, 673 N.Y.Due south.2d 486, 487 (Sup. Ct. 1997).	Arthur, 673 N.Y.Southward.second at new folio.

*The trial level courts in New York include the Supreme Court, Court of Claims, Family Court, Surrogate'due south Court, County Courts, Metropolis Courts, Civil Court of the City of New York, Criminal Court of the City of New York, District Courts of Nassau and Suffolk Counties, and Boondocks and Hamlet Justice Courts. Opinions of the Appellate Term, an intermediate appellate courtroom in the 1st and 2nd Departments, are as well published in Miscellaneous Reports.

To summarize: for New York, cite the New York Supplement for all courts except the highest court, the New York Court of Appeals. Cite the North Eastern Reporter for the New York Court of Appeals.

• Guide to New York Case Citations

  Single folio chart of most usually cited instance reporters for New York State.

Code	Official compilation (version preferred by Bluebook tabular array T1 is in blue)	Unofficial compilations (version preferred by Bluebook table T1 is in bluish)	Example	Curt form (when you can't utilize id.)
Federal	U.s.a. Code (U.Southward.C.)	United states Lawmaking Annotated (U.S.C.A.) United states of america Code Service (U.S.C.S.)	18 U.S.C. § 231 (2016). 18 U.S.C.A. § 231 (West 2015). 18 U.s.a.C.S. § 231 (LexisNexis 2009).	18 U.s.a.C. § 231 eighteen U.South.C.A. § 231 eighteen U.S.C.S. § 231 or § 231
New York		McKinney's Consolidated Laws of New York) (McKinney) Consolidated Laws Service (C.L.S.)	N.Y. PENAL 50AW § 120.10 (McKinney 2009). N.Y. PENAL FiftyAW § 120.10 (Consol. 2009).	N.Y. PENAL 50AW § 120.ten N.Y. PENAL LAW § 120.10 or § 120.10

Bluebook dominion 12.3.2 requires the publication date of the print or an authenticated electronic edition in the parenthetical.

• For the U.Due south.C., there is an authenticated version hither.
• For the U.S.C.A., the most recent chart with the dates of the print volumes is on this folio. Click Summary of contents on the left.
• For North.Y., the most recent chart with dates of the McKinney's print volumes is on this page. Click Summary of contents on the left.
• For Calif., there is a chart with the dates of the print volumes hither
• For Pa., there is a chart with the dates of the print volumes on this page. Click Summary of contents on the left.
• For N.J., the most recent chart with dates of the print volumes is on this folio. Click Summary of contents on the left.

If the lawmaking is published by W (Thomson Reuters), look in the Thomson Reuters shop and very often in that location will be a TOC with the dates of publication.

Secondary source	Case (includes pinpoint page or section)	Brusque form (when you can't employ id.)
Book (single book) (dominion 15)	LINDA C. FENTIMAN, BLAMING MOTHERS: AMERICAN LAW AND THE RISK TO CHILDREN'S HEALTH 55 (2017).	FENTIMAN ,supra, at new folio.
Book (multi-volume) (rule fifteen)	3 MICHAEL B. MUSHLIN, RIGHTS OF PRISONERS § 2.two (5th ed. 2017).	M USHLIN , supra, § new section.
Police review article (dominion 16.4, tables T10, T13)	BENNETT L. One thousandERSHMAN, Constitutionalizing Ethics, 38 PACE L. REV. 40, 42 (2017).	KERSHMAN , supra, at new folio.
Legal encyclopedia (rule 15.8)	17 AM. JUR. secondAnimals § 27 (2018).	17 AM. JUR. 2d, supra, new section.
Restatement (rule 12.9.four)	RESTATEMENT (SECOND) OF TORTS § 46 (AK. FiftyAW INST. 1965).	R ESTATEMENT  (S ECOND ) OF  T ORTS § new department. T ORTS § new section.
American Law Reports (rule 16.7.half-dozen)	Marjorie A. Shields, Annotation,Snowboarder's  Liability for Injuries to or Death of Another Person, 15 A.Fifty.R.6th 161 (2006).	Shields, supra, at new page.
Newspaper commodity (rulesixteen.6, tables T10, T13)	Adam Liptak, Wartime Internment of Japanese Looms Over Tr avel Ban Case, N.Y. TIMES, Apr. 17, 2018, at A12. Adam Liptak, Travel Ban Instance Is Shadowed by One of Supreme Court'due south Darkest Moments, Due north.Y. TIMES (April. 16, 2018), https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/16/us/politics/travel-ban-japanese-internment-trump-supreme-courtroom.html.	Liptak, supra, at new page. Liptak, supra.

• Citing McKinney's Practice Commentaries
• Citing N.Y. Criminal Jury Instructions

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Source: https://libraryguides.law.pace.edu/legalwriting/bluebookinglawreview

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